It is also known that the players were not wearing uniforms. In contrast, there exist a few detailed reports of games of ice hockey or bandy from English newspapers in the early s, which often included the names of goal scorers, and, in at least one case, even the times of the goals. These were clearly well-organized matches. Another exhibition game was played two weeks later, this time with uniforms. The identity of the teams was also more specific, with the Montreal Football Club wearing its usual colours facing a team from the Victoria Skating Club.
Several of the original English field hockey rules had been directly adapted from English football soccer rules. The offside rule, for example, was exactly the same — and not inspired by rugby , as is often claimed. Other rules also came from football, including rules against carrying the ball and how to put the ball back in play after it had gone out of bounds the rule being different depending on whether it went off to the side or behind the goal line.
The Montreal version also omitted several HA rules, notably those describing the stick, how goals were scored, the size of the field and the number of players on each side. Canadians also brought back the flat disc that had been adopted in the midth century when the word "hockey" itself came into use. Soft rubber balls lasted longer than cork bungs and were also less damaging to shins and ankles than wood, the traditional material of bandy balls. Canadians made other significant rule changes early on.
In , for example, the number of players was reduced from nine to seven. New techniques and styles of play also arose organically as the game grew and organized leagues proliferated. In the Colored Hockey League of the Maritimes — , for example, techniques such as a goaltender dropping to his knees and what may have been an early form of the slapshot were displayed prior to their use in professional hockey league play.
The first truly competitive ice hockey games were played on 26 and 27 January , when three teams competed in the first edition of the Montreal Winter Carnival hockey tournament. Over the following six years, four more Carnival ice hockey tournaments were held. In , the Carnival was cancelled due to a smallpox epidemic.
A replacement tournament was held in Burlington, Vermont, featuring two Montreal teams and a local team, making it the first international ice hockey tournament. The same winter, four Montreal-area teams organized a season-long tournament in the city. This is considered by some to be the first hockey league, although it did not have a name and its format of direct elimination meant that there were no standings, only a champion and a finalist. Also on this occasion, the rules were revised and improved for the first time since being published.
In the fall of , the rules were revised once again. The most significant change affected goal size, with the dimensions set at six feet wide by four feet high its current size.
Of interest, those dimensions had already been recommended by two different authors in England in the s. It lasted twelve seasons, and its champion, the Montreal Hockey Club the hockey team associated with the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association , became the first Stanley Cup champion, having won the regular-season championship with a record of seven wins and one loss. Canadian rules for ice hockey were gradually adopted overseas. Bohemia, a region of the present-day Czech Republic, had attended the founding meeting and joined later in the year.
The first set of rules were largely inspired by those used in Canadian hockey, and, significantly, mandated the use of a rubber puck, putting an end to the use of balls in hockey in England and the rest of Europe as national federations joined the LIHG.
Bandy continued to be played in several countries still with a ball , but its popularity declined considerably, particularly in comparison to hockey.
The offside rule was gradually made more permissive and, similarly, bodychecking went from being tolerated to being encouraged. One difference that has persisted over the years is the size of the rink. Those in North America are about 4 m narrower than — but about the same length as — those in Europe and all other countries playing under IIHF rules. By , Canada had become the dominant power in ice hockey. So next time any Canadian starts boorishly boasting their countrymen invented hockey, feel free to direct them to read the book Martel, Giden and Houda have put together and expect a little humility to follow.
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Cow 4: I'll grab the sticks. Who has the puck? We're not sure if they found the puck or not, since we headed off to find the farmer right away. We felt we should warn him about the very real chance that the pond could soon be the site of an udder disaster , with feathers flying and nothing but milkshakes in our future.
Who was the first one to think it was a good idea to go sliding along a frozen surface with thin strips of metal strapped to your feet while trying to hit a small, round object with a long stick? Many historians have looked at the question of who invented hockey and, unfortunately , there's not a clear-cut answer. This is probably due to the fact that ice hockey as we know it today developed over the course of hundreds of years.
Some scholars believe that hockey's roots go back over 4, years to ancient Egypt where a crude stick and ball game was played. Evidence also exists that similar games were played by the ancient Ethiopians, Romans, Greeks, and Aztecs. Of course, when we think of hockey, we think of ice hockey. Those early stick and ball games likely evolved into various games that were played on frozen ponds across Europe.
Some examples of these early precursor games include hurling or hurly played in Ireland, shinty played in Scotland, and field hockey or "bandie ball" played in England. Historians have uncovered evidence of hockey-like games being played in England in the mid- to lates. For example, an engraving from has been found that shows a person on skates with a stick and a cork plug called a "bung" on the frozen River Thames in These hockey-like games were brought to North America by British soldiers and other immigrants.
Beginning in Nova Scotia in the early s, hockey began to evolve into the team sport we know today. Today, Canada remains the country most closely- associated with hockey. The development of the modern version of organized ice hockey played as a team sport is often credited to James Creighton.
In , he moved from Halifax, Nova Scotia to Montreal, bringing skates, hockey sticks, and a game with a basic set of rules with him. In , Creighton organized indoor hockey practices at the Victoria Skating Rink. After practicing for about a month, the first organized indoor game of hockey was played on March 3, The game featured nine players on each team, including Creighton and students from McGill University.
Rather than using a ball or a bung, the teams played with a flat, circular piece of wood created by Creighton. Today, hockey remains a popular sport around the world. From youth leagues and colleges to professional teams and the Olympic Games, hockey continues to entertain millions of fans each year. Are you ready for some hockey? Ask a friend or family member to help you check out the following fun activities:.
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Thanks for asking! It takes a while for us to get ideas submitted to the Wonder Bank through the research process and production process to what you see on Wonderopolis--so, be patient! He had a very rich career in hockey. A top class educationist, a fine all-round sportsman and an experienced hockey umpire and coach, he played an important role in the hockey history of India. Sadly Harbail died when his plane crashed while returning to India after he had umpired the Rome Olympic Games.
Manzoor Hussain Atif is one of the best coaches in history. Under his management, Pakistan participated in three Olympics, where they won two gold medals and and one bronze Montreal He was also the manager of the Pakistan side preparing for the Olympics but was removed only weeks before.
In World Cup campaigns he was successful to win the trophy. As a player he represented Australia from to , playing in 93 games. David Whitaker, former hockey international, made over appearances for England and Great Britain. He also had a group of players, a fair number of whom had tasted the bitter disappointment when their Olympic dreams were shattered with the withdrawal from the Moscow Games and who had suffered.
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