Although reports in the news have increased our awareness of this condition, the number of persons with the disease has not changed over the last several years. Of them, only 6 to 7 percent are invasive, meaning the infection has spread to healthy tissue. For example, in , the CDC reported that 74 people had necrotizing fasciitis, which was less than 6 percent of all strep infections reported that year. Treatment with appropriate antibiotics as soon as possible is vital for early infections.
Antibiotics will prevent the further spread of infection to healthy tissues. Antibiotics are limited because of the death of tissue at the infected site. There is no vaccine currently available to prevent necrotizing fasciitis. This web page only focuses on necrotizing fasciitis caused by group A strep bacteria. However, people can also get necrotizing fasciitis after an injury that does not break the skin blunt trauma.
Necrotizing means causing the death of tissues. Fasciitis means inflammation of the fascia the tissue under the skin that surrounds muscles, nerves, fat, and blood vessels. The infection often spreads very quickly. Early symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis can include:.
See a doctor right away if you have these symptoms after an injury or surgery. Even though minor illnesses can cause symptoms like these, people should not delay getting medical care. Necrotizing fasciitis is a very serious illness that requires care in a hospital. Antibiotics and surgery are typically the first lines of defense if a doctor suspects a patient has necrotizing fasciitis.
Since necrotizing fasciitis can spread so rapidly, patients often must get surgery done very quickly. Doctors also give antibiotics through a needle into a vein IV antibiotics to try to stop the infection.
Sometimes, however, antibiotics cannot reach all of the infected areas because the bacteria have killed too much tissue and reduced blood flow.
When this happens, doctors have to surgically remove the dead tissue. Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe multisystemic disorder with prominent cutaneous features that can compromise life if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. After the first month of life, the location of lesions is the same in adults and children.
The most frequent predisposing factor in our patients was malnutrition. The most frequent initiating factor was varicella. The most important risk factor for death in our series was immunosuppression. On the basis of our findings, antibiotic treatment with clindamycin plus cefoperazone sodium is recommended as soon as NF is diagnosed.
According to the findings of bacterial cultures and antibiograms, this regimen may be modified. Surgical debridement should be performed as soon as the patient's condition is stabilized. Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy Continue.
Figure 1. View Large Download. Necrotizing fasciitis on the third day shows erythema and edema. Necrotizing fasciitis on the seventh day shows well-defined necrosis. Necrotizing fasciitis after extensive surgical debridement of necrotic tissue. Cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis of the abdominal wall in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Surg. J Emerg Med. Am J Surg. Hippocrates Not Available Works. Jones WHStrans. Finegold SM Anaerobic infections. Surg Clin North Am. Meleney FL Hemolytic streptococcus gangrene.
Arch Surg. Wilson BL Necrotizing fasciitis. Am Surg. Int J Dermatol. J Infect Dis. Pediatr Dermatol. Ann Acad Med Singapore. Necrotizing fasciitis in two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Kosloske AM Surgical infections in children. Curr Opin Pediatr. Acta Chir Belg. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. J Infect. Ann Surg. Can J Surg. Ann Chir Gynaecol. J Urol. Dis Colon Rectum. Clin Pediatr Phila. Klin Padiatr.
Indian J Pediatr. Ann Emerg Med. Necrotizing fasciitis kills about 1 in 4 people infected with it. Necrotizing fasciitis may start from an infection in a minor cut or bruise. It may follow a chickenpox infection. Sometimes there is no obvious skin wound or injury.
Most often there is sudden onset of pain and swelling with redness at the site of a wound. Fever may also occur. The pain is often far greater than you would expect from the wound or injury. The pain can sometimes occur at a distance from the wound. It can spread quickly up the affected arm, leg or other body part. This kind of infection can cause gangrene — the death of tissue in a part of the body. Necrotizing fasciitis is caused by a number of different bacteria. One of these is group A streptococcus.
These bacteria are found on the skin or in the nose and throat of healthy people. These bacteria can also cause strep throat, scarlet fever, skin infections and rheumatic fever. It is not fully understood why group A streptococcus bacteria sometimes cause necrotizing fasciitis.
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