Hence, this is also a difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae. Moreover, a further difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae is that ectomycorrhizae form a hyphae mantle while endomycorrhizae do not produce a hyphae mantle. Additionally, endomycorrhizae form vesicles and arbuscules. But, ectomycorrhizae do not form vesicles and arbuscules. Therefore, this is a significant difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae. Mycorrhizae is one of the important symbiotic relationships that occur between plant and fungi.
Ectomycorrhizae characteristically form a hyphae mantle and hartig net. The fungal hyphae do not penetrate inside the cortical cells of the plant roots. On the other hand, endomycorrhizae do not produce a hyphae mantle.
They form vesicles and arbuscules. Moreover, their hyphae penetrate inside the cortical cells of the plant roots. Ectomycorrhizae can be seen in pine trees while endomycorrhizae are found in orchids.
Thus, this is the difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae. Zak — Public Domain via Commons Wikimedia. Samanthi Udayangani holds a B. Degree in Plant Science, M. AM fungi help plants to capture nutrients such as phosphorus and micronutrients from the soil.
It is believed that the development of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis played a crucial role in the initial colonisation of land by plants and in the evolution of the vascular plants. Ectomycorrhizas consist of a hyphal sheath, or mantle, covering the root tip and a hartig net of hyphae surrounding the plant cells within the root cortex. In some cases the hyphae may also penetrate the plant cells, in which case the mycorrhiza is called an ectendomycorrhiza.
Mainly, Basidiomycota , Ascomycota , and Zygomycota are the fungal phyla that serve as mycorrhizae. Furthermore, the main characteristic feature of ectomycorrhizae is that it produces a Hartig net, surrounding the root.
Generally, it is a fungal sheath or a mantle, mainly covering the root tips. Moreover, fungal hyphae of mycorrhizae surround the cells in the root cortex through their extracellular spaces. From the outside, fungal hyphae also form an extensive network with the soil and leaf litter.
Endomycorrhizae is another type of mycorrhizae fungi forming the symbiotic relationships with the root. The main characteristic feature of this type of fungi is that they penetrate the cells in the root cortex. A rbuscular, ericoid, arbutoid , monotropoid , and orchid mycorrhizas are the different types of endomycorrhizae. From these, arbuscular mycorrhizae AM are the most common form. However, the main characteristic feature of this arbuscular mycorrhizae is t he formation of unique structures such as arbuscules and vesicles by fungi.
Figure 2: Arbuscular Mycorrhiza. Moreover, arbuscular mycorrhizae belong to the phylum Glomeromycota. Scientists believe that the formation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis played a crucial role in the initial colonization of land plants, as well as the evolution of vascular plants.
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