If inflammation or ulcers are present in the stomach or duodenum, a biopsy can be taken to look for the presence of a bacteria Helicobacter pylori which has been proven to cause some ulcers and can be treated with antibiotics if found. Similarly, if any nodules bumps , masses, or tumors are found, biopsies can help determine if they are benign non-cancerous or malignant cancerous. Sometimes other biopsies are taken even if the lining of the upper GI tract appears normal to look for microscopic evidence of diseases of the gut which might be causing certain symptoms, or to screen for certain diseases.
Although upper endoscopy is a frequently used modality for diagnosing and treating a number of GI disorders, no medical technique is completely safe and there are potential complications with upper endoscopy.
There is a small risk of having a reaction to the medications used for sedation or to any antibiotics that may be given prior to the procedure. You will be monitored closely during the procedure and there are medications that will reverse some of the adverse effects of those medications used during the procedure if necessary.
There is a small risk of infection. This risk is so small that antibiotics are not routinely given prior to the procedure. In certain circumstances such as heart valve problems, prior heart infections endocarditis , previously placed artificial joints, or certain liver problems your doctor may want to give you antibiotics before the procedure to reduce the risk of infection. There is a small risk of bleeding from the procedure. Rarely is it necessary to give a blood transfusion or other treatments such as surgery.
Bleeding is usually controlled through the endoscope. Another rare complication from EGD is perforation. This occurs when the tip of the endoscope goes through a weakened part of the gut wall resulting in a hole. This almost always requires surgery to correct but is a very uncommon complication of EGD. When placing a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy PEG tube the risk of bleeding and infection are slightly higher and antibiotics are usually given prior to this procedure.
Since there are a number of variables involved, it is difficult to generalize about the exact risks of EGD in various settings, so it is very important to talk to your doctor about your specific risks before you have any procedure. Digestive Disease Center.
Digestive Diseases. Small Intestine. Digestive Organs. Chronic Pancreatitis Surgery. Laparoscopic Surgery. You will be awake during the procedure, but you will take medicine to relax you a sedative before the test. Someone will have to drive you home afterward. Follow any other instructions your provider gives you to get ready. What happens during an upper GI endoscopy? Generally, an upper GI endoscopy follows this process: You will be asked to remove any clothing, jewelry, or other objects that may interfere with the procedure.
If you wear false teeth dentures , you will be asked to remove them until the test is over. If you are asked to remove clothing, you will be given a gown to wear. An IV intravenous line will be started in your arm or hand. A medicine to relax you a sedative will be injected into the IV. Your heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen level will be checked during the procedure. You will lie on your left side on the X-ray table with your head bent forward.
Numbing medicine may be sprayed into the back of your throat. This will stop you from gagging as the tube is passed down your throat into your stomach.
The spray may have a bitter taste to it. Holding your breath while your provider sprays your throat may decrease the taste. You will not be able to swallow the saliva that may collect in your mouth during the procedure.
This happens because the tube is in your throat. The saliva will be suctioned from your mouth from time to time. A mouth guard will be placed in your mouth. This will keep you from biting down on the tube. It will also protect your teeth. Does upper GI endoscopy have another name? Why do doctors use upper GI endoscopy?
How do I prepare for an upper GI endoscopy? How do doctors perform an upper GI endoscopy? What should I expect after an upper GI endoscopy?
What are the risks of an upper G. Biopsies are needed to diagnose conditions such as cancer celiac disease gastritis Doctors also use upper GI endoscopy to treat conditions such as bleeding from ulcers, esophageal varices , or other conditions dilate or open up strictures with a small balloon passed through the endoscope remove objects, including food, that may be stuck in the upper GI tract remove polyps or other growths place feeding tubes or drainage tubes Doctors are also starting to use upper GI endoscopy to perform weight loss procedures for some people with obesity.
Talk with your doctor You should talk with your doctor about your medical history, including medical conditions and symptoms you have, allergies, and all prescribed and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and supplements you take, including aspirin or medicines that contain aspirin arthritis medicines blood thinners blood pressure medicines diabetes medicines nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen Before endoscopy, talk to your doctor about your medical history.
Arrange for a ride home For safety reasons, you can't drive for 24 hours after the procedure, as the sedatives used during the procedure need time to wear off. Do not eat or drink before the procedure To see your upper GI tract clearly, your doctor will most likely ask you not to eat or drink up to 8 hours before the procedure. During the upper GI endoscopy, the doctor may take small samples of tissue, cells, or fluid in your upper GI tract for testing.
The risks of complications from an upper GI endoscopy are low, but may include bleeding from the site where the doctor took the tissue samples or removed a polyp perforation in the lining of your upper GI tract an abnormal reaction to the sedative, including breathing or heart problems Bleeding caused by the procedure often is minor and stops without treatment. An upper endoscopy is used to diagnose and, sometimes, treat conditions that affect the upper part of your digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach and beginning of the small intestine duodenum.
An endoscopy is sometimes combined with other procedures, such as an ultrasound. An ultrasound probe may be attached to the endoscope to create specialized images of the wall of your esophagus or stomach. An endoscopic ultrasound may also help your doctor create images of hard-to-reach organs, such as your pancreas. Newer endoscopes use high-definition video to provide clearer images.
Many endoscopes allow your doctor to use technology called narrow band imaging, which uses special light to help better detect precancerous conditions, such as Barrett's esophagus.
You can reduce your risk of complications by carefully following your doctor's instructions for preparing for an endoscopy, such as fasting and stopping certain medications. Call your doctor immediately or go to an emergency room if you experience any of these signs or symptoms.
Your doctor will give you specific instructions to prepare for your endoscopy. In some cases your doctor may ask that you:. Most people undergoing an upper endoscopy will receive a sedative to relax them and make them more comfortable during the procedure. Plan ahead for your recovery while the sedative wears off.
You may feel mentally alert, but your memory, reaction times and judgment may be impaired. Find someone to drive you home. You may also need to take the day off from work. Don't make any important personal or financial decisions for 24 hours. During an upper endoscopy procedure, you'll be asked to lie down on a table on your back or on your side.
As the procedure gets underway:.
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